Rotterdam Tests Ammonia Bunkering Operations for Future Alternative Fuel
The Port of Rotterdam recently conducted test steps to evaluate its capabilities for future ammonia bunkering operations. As the world’s second-largest bunker port, Rotterdam is gearing up for the expected arrival of ammonia-fueled vessels in 2026 or 2027, following its success with LNG and methanol bunkering operations.
Enhancing safety protocols was a key focus during the test phase, with the port having already implemented assessment tools for LNG and methanol bunkering. By raising safety protocol levels and testing the bunkering process, Rotterdam aims to be fully prepared for the bunkering of the first ammonia-fueled vessels.
The pilot test on April 12 involved transferring 800 cubic meters of liquid, cold ammonia at -33 degrees Celsius between two ships. This test, conducted at the Maasvlakte 2 APM terminal, used grey ammonia for the trial run, with plans to transition to clean (low carbon) ammonia for future bunkering operations.
Collaboration among various parties was crucial for the success of the pilot test, facilitated by the Port of Rotterdam Authority. OCI, Trammo, James Fisher Fendercare, Victrol, DCMR Environmental Protection Agency, Rijnmond Safety Region, and the Joint Fire Service all played key roles in ensuring a safe and smooth execution of the ship-to-ship ammonia transfer.
Global Developments in Ammonia-Fueled Vessels
Rotterdam’s testing follows similar initiatives in other parts of the world. Singapore completed its first bunkering of ammonia as marine fuel last year, while Japan has been using tanker trucks to fuel the world’s first ammonia-fueled tugboat in Tokyo Bay.
Industry projections indicate a growing interest in ammonia as a marine fuel, with 33 vessels currently on order for delivery in the next four years capable of sailing using ammonia. Companies like CMB.TECH, Fortescue, and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines have announced plans to operate ammonia-fueled vessels, contributing to the shift towards alternative fuels in the shipping industry.
Infrastructure Development for Ammonia Bunkering
One of the critical steps in the adoption of ammonia as a marine fuel is the development of infrastructure for bunkering operations. Companies like Fortescue have highlighted the need for infrastructure and enabling regulations to support the use of ammonia as a fuel. These pioneering efforts are essential for accelerating the industry’s transition to alternative fuels like ammonia.